雅思聽力中的關鍵小詞:BUT
2010-10-01 10:41 • 作者:ielts 評論(0)前文中,我們涉及到了AND是非常重要的小詞,容易聽漏,我們需要重點注意。本文將為考生們分析另一個小詞——BUT,它在聽力中的重要性不亞於AND,也同樣非常容易被忽略,因此需要我們加倍小心。
u 重要性
? 轉折
But在句子中的出現頻率非常高,在大多數情況下用作並列連詞連接,連接兩個並列的分句或兩個並列的成分,在意思上BUT表示轉折,翻譯為“但是”,“可是”。如:
A real find for our patients has been the shock-absorbing shoe insert. A cheap but very effective solution. (劍3 Test1 Section4後面縮寫為:3-1-4)
Sometimes there’s simple fix such as changing the guy at the top. … But a more ambitious approach … would be to alter … (5-4-3)
這邊表示的是含義的轉折,說話的側重點往往是放在BUT的後面。因此往往會是聽力中的考點,我們需要在聽力過程中留意去聽取。
What does Karin think the company will do?
A. Look for private investors
B. Accept a takeover offer
C. Issue some new shares
Audio Scripts: … They have the choice of accepting the very favorable terms that another company … have given them to buy them out. … Or they could … offer some new shares if they wanted. But I . .. expect they will start trying to find individuals who’d be prepared to back them with some of the capital they need. (5-4-3)
此題我們會發現A,B,C都有提及,並且都做了同義詞互換,因此在聽力中有較大的負擔。不過BUT的出現卻能夠幫助我們解題。這個詞語後面就是答案,這樣我們就很快的定位到了答案句。當然也可以通過排除法來做題,也就是but前面都是錯的,排除B和C同樣也能很快知道答案A。
還有一種情況是出現在固定短語not only … but also … 中,這是一組關聯並列連詞,表示其所連接的成份在意義上後一項對前一項的補充和引申,但側重點在後一項上,意思是“不但……而且……”。如,
Not only is he interested in the subject but also all his students are beginning to show interested in it.
有時候,but和also可以被分隔使用,如:
Of course they bring different ideas, but it’s also their attitudes … (7-1-3)
個別時候甚至可以將also省略,不過意思還是一樣的
During times of change they should be thinking not only about the strain on their staff but take time out to think of themselves. (7-1-3)
此時意義類似於and,因此前後兩句都很重要,都有可能是考點,需要同等注意。
? 同義互換
BUT往往不會在試卷上出現,因此我們不需要過分關注它與其他詞語之間的互換。但是同樣表示轉折的詞語卻有不少,同樣也是我們需要關注的。
However:
Videos, however, are ideal for use with everyone present in the class… (2-3-3)
Whereas:
Asiatic lions also have a long fold of skin on the undersides, whereas not many African lions have this. (6-4-4)
Nevertheless:
Nevertheless, when you start out and particularly when you’re going for an interview, it’s important not to confuse people …(IELTS plus Test 3 Section 4)
這些詞語雖然都表示轉折的意思,但是相對於but來說都屬於生難詞彙,尤其是在聽力過程中,往往無法能夠聽懂這些詞語;另外由於這些詞語都較長並且一般後面都會有一定的停頓時間,在聽力中聽到並不難。因此在聽力過程中出現頻率並不是很高。
u 難點
? 語音難點
既然BUT這麼重要,並且出現頻率也很高,那麼在聽力過程中會有什麼問題呢?研究中心分析發現,首先,和AND一樣,BUT本身只是連詞,並不是說話的重點,因此在說話的過程中,這個詞語並不會完全讀成/b^t/,而是會弱化為/b ?t/;其次,由於BUT是由爆破音/t/結尾,因此如果後面的詞是輔音這個詞語就會爆破,此時BUT僅僅讀作/b?/。這樣遠遠加大了聽出這個詞語的可能性,自然也很難能定位到後面的重要的話。










